ABSTRACT
La evaluación de la actividad antioxidante ha sido una cuestión relevante teniendo en cuenta su importancia para la salud humana. Estudios recientes muestran que el uso de plantas en forma de jugos o tés como fuentes de antioxidantes naturales, que se pueden utilizar como complemento para el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. En este contexto, evaluado el potencial antioxidante in vitro, de extractos de Eugenia jambolana Lam y Psidium myrsinites DC. A. y cuantificar fenoles y flavonoides presentes en los extractos. La peroxidación lipídica ha sido evaluada por la técnica de TBARS (sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico). De acuerdo con los resultados, mostraron una mejor actividad antioxidante del extracto de psidium myrsinites DC. A. Para poner a prueba TBARS con fosfolípido de huevo extrae redujo los niveles basales en el proceso de peroxidación de lípidos, la CI50 del extracto etanolico de Euguenia jambolana (EEFEJ) mostró los mejores resultados, con un más bajo valor de la CI50 en comparación con el extracto hidroetanolico de Psidium mirsinites, demostrado ser más efectivo. Por lo tanto, a través de estas pruebas se puede ver que los extractos de las hojas de la especie, Eugenia jambolana Lam y Psidium myrsinites DC. A., la actividad antioxidante de exposiciones, sustancias fenólicas directamente relacionados producidos a partir de su metabolismo secundario.
The evaluation of the antioxidant activity has been a relevant and important issue to human health. Recent studies show that the use of plants juices or teas as sources of natural antioxidants, which can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of several diseases. In this context, was evaluated the in vitro antioxidant potential of the extracts of Psidium myrsinites DC. and Eugenia jambolana Lam. The total of phenols and flavonoids were quantified in the extracts. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by the technique of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). According to the results, was showed a better antioxidant activity in the extract of Psidium myrsinites DC. A. In the TBARS assay with egg phospholipid the extracts reduced the basal levels in the process of lipid peroxidation and the IC50 of ethanol extract of Eugenia jambolana (EEFEJ) showed the best results with a lower value of IC50 compared with hydroethanol extract of Psidium mirsinites, demonstrating be more effective. Therefore, through these tests can be seen that extracts from the leaves of the species, Eugenia and Psidium jambolana Lam myrsinites DC. A., exhibit antioxidant activity, directly related phenolic substances produced from the secondary metabolism.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antioxidants/chemical synthesis , 60726/therapeutic use , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Psidium/drug effects , Phytochemicals/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
A leishmaniose e a doença de Chagas tem sido um grande desafio, no que diz respeito à sua terapêutica. Devido à grande dificuldade de encontrar fármacos que garantam uma ação terapêutica eficiente e menos agressora à espécie humana, diferentes produtos naturais vêm sendo testados. Muitas espécies vegetais foram investigadas quanto à sua ação leishmanicida e tripanocida na expectativa de que seus compostos metabólicos possuam atividade antiparasitária e ausência ou baixa citotoxicidade. Neste estudo sobre bioatividade do a-pineno e carvacrol, avaliaram-se os potenciais leishmanicida e tripanocida. O carvacrol apresentou um percentual de inibição de 38,34% e 74,12% para as formas promastigotas e epimastigotas respectivamente, na concentração de 100µg/mL, apresentando uma citotoxicidade de 21,62%. O a-pineno apresentou 100% e 5,30% de inibição para as formas epimastigota e promastigota na concentração de 100 µg/mL, com citotoxicidade de 87,88%.
Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease represent a great challenge against the modern therapeutics. Due the high difficult to find new drugs with therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity, several natural products had been screened. Many species of plants were investigated about their leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities. Some phytocompounds are the a-pinene and carvacrol. In this work, we evaluated the bioactivities of a-pinene and carvacrol against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania braziliensis cell lines. The carvacrol inhibited 38,34% and 74,12% of the promatigote and epimastigote forms, respectively at 100 µg/mL, showing a low cytotoxic activity (21,62%). The O a-pinene inhibited 100% and 5,30% against the epimastigote and promastigote forms respectively, at 100 µg/mL, showing a higher cytotoxic activity (87,88%).
Subject(s)
Chagas Disease/drug therapy , Leishmaniasis/drug therapy , Trypanocidal Agents/therapeutic use , Trypanocidal Agents/toxicity , Antiparasitic Agents/toxicity , Origanum , Toxicity Tests/methodsABSTRACT
Background & objectives: Several chemical compounds isolated from natural sources have antibacterial activity and some enhance the antibacterial activity of antibiotics reversing the natural resistance of bacteria to certain antibiotics. In this study, the hexane and methanol extract of Cordia verbenaceae were assessed for antibacterial activity alone and combinated with norfloxacin against the Staphylococcus aureus strain SA1199B. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts was assayed using microdilution assay and the modulatory activity was evaluated using plate diffusion assay. Results: The MIC observed varied between 256 to >1024 μg/ml. However, the antibiotic activity of norfloxacin was enhanced in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of hexane extract of C. verbenaceae (HECV). Interpretations & conclusions: Our results indicate that Cordia verbenaceae DC. can be a source of plant derived products with antibiotic modifying activity.
ABSTRACT
Tripanosomiasis or Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, affect 10 million people in Latin America. Today, the chemotherapy is the only specific treatment against this disease, being the most used drugs the nifurtimox and benznidazole. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania, mainly founded in regions with forests, as the Amazonia. Recent reports about the Leishmaniasis indicate a deficit of therapeutical drugs available against this disease and reinforce the necessity of the discovering of new drugs. An interesting approach against these diseases is the use of natural products, as the extracts of plants as Mentha arvensis and Turnera ulmifolia. For the in vitro assays against T. cruzi and Leishmania, was used the clone CL-B5 and promastigote forms, respectively. The cytotoxic assay was performed using fibroblasts. Our results indicated that M. arvensis was active against all strains assayed, inhibiting 65 e 47 percent of the assayed strains (IC50 = 192.3 and 531.9 ug/mL respectively), representing an interesting and alternative source of natural products with anti-kinetoplastida activity.
Doença de Chagas, causada por Trypanosoma cruzi, afeta cerca de 10 milhões de pessoas nas Américas. Atualmente, a quimioterapia é o único tratamento específico disponível para esta doença, onde os medicamentos utilizados são nifurtimox e benzonidazol. Leishmaniose tegumentar Americana no Brasil é causada por uma variedade de espécies de Leishmania e uma grande diversidade destes parasitos pode ser encontrada na Região Amazônica. Revisões recentes na quimioterapia de leishmaniose enfatizam as deficiências dos agentes terapêuticos atualmente disponíveis e mostram a necessidade urgente de novos candidatos. Uma alternativa para substituir esses medicamentos são extratos naturais de Mentha arvensis e Turnera ulmifolia. Foram preparados extratos etanólicos das folhas de M. arvensis e T. ulmifolia. Para os testes in vitro de T. cruzi, foi utilizado o clone CL-B5 e para Leishmania brasiliensis foram utilizadas formas promastigotas. O ensaio de citotoxicidade foi realizado com linhagens de fibroblastos. Nossos resultados indicam que M. arvensis foi eficaz contra as cepas de parasitos testadas apresentando 65 e 47 por cento de inibição em uma concentração de 500 ug/mL (respectivamente, CE50 = 192.3 e 531.9 ug/mL), sendo considerada uma fonte alternativa de produtos naturais com atividade contra T. cruzi e L. brasiliensis.
Subject(s)
Antiparasitic Agents/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Leishmania braziliensis , Mentha/chemistry , Trypanosoma cruzi , Turnera/chemistry , BrazilABSTRACT
Boa constrictor is widely used in traditional communities in many different folk remedies and products derived from it are sold in public markets throughout northeastern Brazil and as its body fat has many different therapeutic indications as a folk remedy. The present work evaluates the antibacterial activity of the body fat from the snake Boa constrictor when employed either alone or in combination with antibiotics and discusses the ecological implications of the use of this traditional remedy. Oil (OBC) was extracted from body fat located in the ventral region of B. constrictor using hexane as a solvent. The antibacterial activity of OBC was tested against standard as well as multi-resistant lines, either alone and in combination with antibiotics. OBC did not demonstrate any relevant antibacterial activity against standard or multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. OBC showed synergistic activity when combined with the aminoglycoside antibiotics. Our results indicate that the body fat of Boa constrictor does not possess bactericidal activity, from the clinical point of view, but when combined with an antibiotic, the fat demonstrated a significant synergistic activity.